关 于 被 动 结 构 ， 学 习 者 很 容 易 碰 到 语 言 学 上 的 一 个 现 象 —– 过 度 概 括

（overgeneralization），认为只要是表示被动含义的就需要用被动结构。事实上，英语中有

很多动词可以用主动形式表示被动含义，这里仅列举部分常用单词。

1. The cloth feels soft. 这块布手感柔软。（布应该是被感觉。）

2. His new novel is selling well. 他的新小说很畅销。（小说应该是被卖。）

3. While the instruments were boiling, the Mayor leaned his skull on the headrest of

the chair and felt better.

当牙医在煮这些（拔牙）器具时，市长（患者）把头枕在椅子上的枕头之物，感觉舒服多

了。

4. The cakes are baking in the oven. 蛋糕正在烤箱里烘烤。

5. The potatoes are boiling. 正在煮土豆。

6. Nothing can hold. 什么都抓不住。

7. The chicken is cooking. 正在烧鸡。

8. The piano is playing. 在演奏钢琴。

9. Two years of physical and mental training were paying off.

两年体力和精神的训练正在得到回报。

10. The desk goes in the middle. 把桌子放（教室）中间。

11.The house wants/ needs repairs. ( repairing / to be repaired) 这座房子需要维修。

12. This book is worth reading. 这本书值得阅读。

13. The rule does not apply in your particular case/can not be applied to every case.

这条规则不适合特例/并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。

14. Perhaps the book will prove (to be) useful. 可能这本书将证明是有用的。

15. The Bill passed and became law. 这项法案获得通过并成为法律。

16. Shares were trading at under half their usual value.

股票正在以它们正常价值的一半交易。

17. His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。

18. Hippos account for just 200 deaths a year worldwide.

全世界因河马致死的人数每年只有 200 人。

19. When will your new novel appear? 你的新小说何时出版？

20. When will his new book come out? （be published）

他的新书什么时间出版？

21. The fact that we didn't feel bloated at the end of this meal counts as a triumph

for the chef.

我们一餐用毕还未感觉撑得难受，这可算是大厨的胜利了。

22. Your suggestion will go(be sent) before the committee.

你的建议将被送给委员会。

23. The chair can go against that wall. 椅子靠墙放。

24. The desk goes in the middle. 桌子放中间。

25. The table stood in the corner. 桌子在拐角。

26. The house went for 30, 000 dollars. 房子卖了 30,000 美元。

27. They went down 2–1. 他们 1 比 2 败北。

28. Where’s that book hiding? 书藏哪里了？

29. A thin white moon hung high in the fine autumn sky over the valley.

秋高气爽，山谷的上空悬挂著一轮瘦瘦的明月。

30. Two of my tyres punctured while I was on that stony road.

当我在那条石块路上行驶时，我的两个轮胎被扎破了。

31. There couldn't have been a worse place for Arabella to have a puncture—right in

front of the entrance to the church.

阿拉贝拉的轮胎被扎破的地方是一个再糟糕不过的地方，正好处在教堂的入口处。

32.We sat on the beach soaking up the sun. 我们坐在海滩上嗮太阳。

33. The ground soaked up the rain. 地面吸干了雨水。

34. From that moment on, I soaked up every minute of my African experience.

从那一刻起，非洲这段经历的每一分钟我都沉醉其中。

35. We are baking in the sun. 我们在晒太阳。

36. I can't imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel! The service is dreadful.

(pass for：be regarded as)

我想象不出为什么这个地方被评为五星级饭店！这里的服务糟透了。

37. Our provisions are running out. 我们的粮食快吃完了。

38. The class divided into three groups when we went on our outing.

当我们外出时，这个班分为三组。

39.The poems don't translate well. 这些诗翻译的不好。

40. This study published in one of the leading journals.

这项研究发表在一个重要期刊上。

41. I rewrote the last paragraph because it didn't read very well.

因为最后一段写的不好，我又做了修改。

42. The name should read “Benson” not “ Fenton”.

这个名字应该读作“Benson”而不是“ Fenton”。

43. Her letter reads as follows. 他的信内容如下。

44. The message inside the envelope was also from May Welland, and ran as follows:

can't remember how your poem goes.

信封里的信息也是来自梅·韦兰，内容如下：记不得你的诗的内容。

45. His lands descended to his eldest son. 他的土地传给了长子。

46. The credit of the bank descends from father to son. 银行存款由父亲传给儿子。

47.Things will work out. 事情得到解决。

词 汇 积 累

1. column n 纵行

a. column. 纵行。

b. row. 横排。

2. combat n 战斗；斗争

a combat airplane pilot. 一名战斗机飞行员。

b. combat situation. 战场。

c. combat soldiers. 作战兵种。

3. combination n 组合

It should be a great combination of flavor and textures. 真是色香味俱佳。

4．comfort n 舒适

a. comfort zone. 心理舒适区。

b. comfort woman. 慰安妇。

5. comic n 漫画；连环图画

I was a big comic fan growing up. 从小就是一个漫画迷。