航空常用英語單詞

一、 航空器及其系統(aircraft and its system)

(一) 航空器機構(aircraft structure)

機體(飛機除發動機外的完整結構)airframe

機身(不包括機翼、機尾、發動機)fuselage

駕駛艙cockpit/flight deck

機頭nose

風擋windshield/ windscreen

機腹belly~landing

蒙皮skin

前部front (fore) part

後部rear (aft) part

左舷(舵)port~engine

右舷(舵)starboard~engine

內側發動機inboard engine or inboards

外側發動機outboard engine or outboards

發動機吊艙nacelle

輪艙wheel well

主輪main landing wheel

前輪nose wheel

(大)機翼(main) wing

機翼前緣leading edge

機翼後緣trailing edge

翼尖wing tip

操縱面control surface

副翼ailerons

縫翼slots/slats

升降舵elevators

方向舵rudder

垂直安定面fin(vertical stabilizer)

水平安定面 horizontal stabilizer

調整片trim tab

襟翼(內側襟翼,外側襟翼,前緣襟翼)flaps (inboard flap, outboard flap, leading edge flaps)

襟翼設定flap setting

襟翼角flap angle

全襟翼位置full flap position

放下襟翼(收上襟翼)extend the flaps (retract the flaps)

無襟翼著陸/無襟翼無縫翼著陸flapless landing/landing without slats/flaps

襟翼被卡阻the flaps are jammed

阻力板,擾流板(內、外側擾流板)(擾流板放下、打開)spoilers (inboard/outboard spoiler) (spoiler downup)

減速板(阻流板)speed brakes/air braking

起落架landing gear/undercarriage

起落架鎖定/未鎖定gear locked/unlocked

起落架前輪nose wheel

起落架艙wheel well

起落架艙門wheel door

放下起落架(收上起落架)extend/lower/deploy the gear (retract the gear)

放輪(收輪)gear extension (gear retraction)

起落架被卡阻the gear is jammed

應急放下系統emergency extension system

搖動放下起落架crank the gear down/manually lower the gear

輪胎爆破Burst tyre/blow out/flat tyre

癟胎deflated tyre

漏胎flat tyre

輪胎被紮破puncture

反推裝置thrust reverser

排氣道和尾錐tail cone

天線antenna

客艙passenger cabin

地板floor

頂棚(板)ceiling

機上廚房galley

廁所toilet

前(後)貨艙forward(after)hold

(下)貨艙lower cargo compartment

航行燈navigation light

左(右)著陸燈left(right)landing lamp

閃光燈flash light

警告燈warning light

(二)航空器系統(aircraft system)

1.動力系統(power plant system)

輔助動力裝置APU(auxiliary power unit)

引擎短艙 nacelle (engine cowling)

螺旋槳propeller

風車windmill

發動機吸進瞭鳥/水bird/water ingestion

外來物損傷FOD(foreign object damage)

發動機失效engine failure

機械故障engineering trouble/mechanical problem

發動機熄火engine flame out

抖動vibration

馬力小 the engine is low on power

停車engine shutdown

發動機喘振 engine surge

振動vibration

動作筒actuator

風扇fan

氣缸cylinderEGT(exhaust gas temperature排氣溫度)

2.燃油系統(fuel system)

燃油箱 fuel tanks

燃油泵fuel pump

燃油油壓過低警告燈low fuel pressure warning lights

煤油kerosene

航空煤油aviation kerosene

升壓,增壓(泵)boost(pump)

放油fuel dumping/jettison

消耗consume

油箱fuel tank

油量不足short of fuel

不充足insufficient

剩餘remain

燃油增壓泵fuel booster pump

燃油(滑油)壓力低fuel(oil)pressure low(drop)

3.液壓(滑油)系統hydraulic(oil )system·

滑油溫度表 oil temperature indicator

千斤頂(actuating) jacks

密封圈seals

活門valve。

4.電器系統(electrical system)

發電機generator motor

無線電設備Radio equipment

(備份)保險絲(spare)fuse

電線wire

插頭plug

電路circuit

跳開關circuit breaker

電瓶(電壓)battery(voltage)

電表ammeter

繼電器relay

調壓器voltage regulator

5.空調系統(air-conditioning system)

密封系統Sealing system

增壓系統pressurization system

通風系統venting system

氧氣設備oxygen equipment

減壓 釋壓decompression

減壓 釋壓depressurize

失密pressure failure

冷卻 cooling

加熱 heating

氧氣面罩oxygen mask

流量flow

駕駛艙加溫pilot cabin heat

6.剎車系統(brake system)

剎車brakes

防滯裝置an anti-skid device

防滯剎車anti-skid brake

剎車不可靠the brakes are unreliable

剎車狀況不好 braking action is poor

松剎車brakes released

剎車brakes set

氣剎車pneumatic braking

手剎車manual braking

7.應急系統(emergency system)

滅火系統extinguisher system

防冰系統deicing system

超溫(過熱)overheat

發動機滅火瓶engine fire bottles

機翼除冰wing deicing

(三) 駕駛艙(cockpit)

1.操縱系統(control system)

飛行操縱系統flight control system

飛行管理計算機系統(FMCS)flight management computer system

人工操縱系統manual controls

自動駕駛操縱系統autopilot controls

自動油門系統auto throttle system

儀表著陸系統instrument landing system

中央操縱臺center console

操縱臺control stand

控制板control panel

桿levers/stick/column

操縱桿control column

操縱手柄handle

油門thrust levers

按鈕或旋鈕knobs

開關switch

曲柄(搖把)cranks

前輪轉彎手操作盤nose wheel steering hand wheel

機內通話inter communication

耳機head set

裝載與配平系統weight and balance system

2.航空器儀表(aircraft instrument)

儀表instrument /gauge/indicator

儀表板instrument panel

頂部儀表板overhead panel

主顯示系統primary display system

指示器(儀表)indicator

飛行指引儀flight director

地評議horizon indicator

備份地評議stand by gyro-horizon

發動機儀表engine indicator

高度表altimeter

氣壓高度表pressure altimeter

無線電高度表radio altimeter

空速表airspeed indicator

升降速度表vertical speed indicator(rate of climb and descent indicator) 轉速表R.P.M(revolutions per minute)

起落架位置指示器landing gear/undercarriage position indicator

剎車壓力表brake pressure gauge

偏流指示器deviation altimeter

超溫(過熱)overheat

3.航空器動作(aircraft manoeuvre )

俯仰pitch/tilt

橫滾roll

偏轉yaw

壓坡度bank the aircraft

抬(提)起lift off/rotate

抬機頭pitch up the aircraft (to nose up)

推機頭pitch down the aircraft (to nosedown)

大角度爬升climb steeply

修正動作corrective action

改平level off

失速stall

螺旋spin

從失速中改出recover from stall

急轉彎sharp turn

減慢(速度)slow down

跟蹤trail

二、 氣象(meteorology)

(一)雲(cloud)

雲底高ceiling

少雲 FEW 1~2/8, few

疏雲 SCT 3~4/8, scattered

裂開雲,多雲 5~7/8, broken

滿天雲 8/8 , overcast (continuous)

在雲中In cloud

斷續雲中In and out of cloud

雲在增加cloud is building up

雲在消散cloud is clearing up/dissipating

積雨雲CB(cumulonimbus)

塔狀積雨雲towering cumulonimbus

(二) 能見度(visibility)

晴空sky clear

薄霧Mist

輕霧light fog

濃霧dense fog

吹霧,平流霧drifting fog

霧在消散fog is clearing up

霧越來越濃fog is getting worse

霾Haze

煙Smoke

煙霧Smog

沙暴sandstorm

(三) 風(wind)

風wind

地面風surface wind

無風(靜風)wind calm

微風light wind

中速風moderate wind

強風strong wind

順風tailwind

頂風headwind

側風crosswind

陣風gust

陣風達8 m/s, gusts up to 8 m/s

風向風速儀wind-gauge

穩定風steady wind

風向不穩定variable wind

風越來越大the wind is getting stronger

風切變wind shear

微暴microburst

風暴storm

渦流vortex(vortices)

(四) 顛簸(turbulence)

晴空顛簸clear air turbulence

中度顛簸moderate turbulence

嚴重顛簸severe turbulence

平穩的smooth

上升氣流updraught

下降氣流downdraught

高空急流jet stream

(五) 降水(precipitation)

小雨light rain

大雨heavy rain

間歇性雨intermittent rain

連續性降水continuous rain

偶爾下陣雨occasional showers

零零散散的陣雨scattered showers

毛毛雨drizzle

雪snow

凍雨freezing rain

雨夾雪sleet

颮(線)squall

颶風hurricane

龍卷風tornado

冰雹hail

雷暴thunderstorm

閃電光flash of lightning

閃電lightning

雹暴hailstorm

雪暴snowstorm

結冰icing

(六) 溫度(temperature)

外界溫度,大氣溫度outside air temperature

露點溫度dewpoint

溫度在上升the temperature is rising

溫度在下降the temperature is falling/dropping

溫度穩定the temperature is steady

(七)跑道道面狀況(runway surface condition)

在化的雪melting snow

雪水(或半化的雪)slush

雪堆snow drift

雪清除snow clearance

跑道上有結冰the runway is icy

冰塊(跑道上結的一塊塊冰)ice patches

跑道濕the runway is wet

跑道滑the runway is slippery

積水pools of water/ standing water 、floodwater

剎車效應差braking action is poor

剎車效應好braking action is good

剎車效應中braking action is medium

三、 機場車輛(airport vehicle)

地面車輛ground vehicle/car

機坪車輛ramp vehicle

引導車follow me car

空調車air condition car

運送乘客巴士shuttle bus

大客車coach

擺渡車airport passenger bus/ferry

餐車galley service truck

食品車(配餐車)catering truck

拖車tow tug/towing tractor

拖把tow bar

機載客梯air stairs/steps

地面電源車ground power vehicle (unit)

氣源車pneumatic

救火車fire engine(truck)

救護車ambulance

急救車first-aid

加油車refueller

油車tank car

供水車water service truck

平臺車dolly

保安運貨車security van

牽引車tractor

犁雪車snow plough

吹雪車runway snow blower

除冰車ice-melter

吊臂車cherry-picker

挖土車bull-dozer

起重機crane

四、 地面相關設備與服務(relevant ground equipment and service)

服務設備furnishing equipment

醫療服務medical service

安全服務safety services

候機樓terminal

客/停機坪apron/ramp

廊橋(英)air bridge/loading bridge

廊橋(美)jetway

登機口passenger gate

海關customs

輸送帶conveyor

地勤ground handling

機庫hangar

艙單load sheet

航空運貨單air waybill

登機(英)embark/board

輪擋wheel chock

風擋刮水器(美)windshield wiper

風擋刮水器(英)windscreen wiper

下飛機,從飛機上卸下(英)disembark/unload

地面電源插座external socket

地面電源ground power

外部電源external power

拔下地面(外部) 電源disconnect ground(external) power

接上地面(外部) 電源reset ground(external) power

氣源start air

供氣supply start air

拔下(接上)氣源disconnect(reset)start air unit

消防隊fire service/assistance

故障排除trouble shooting/fixed

航空常用英語單詞

五、關於非正常情況和緊急情況的詞匯及詞組

A: Abort take-off/reject/abandon中斷起飛

A flock of birds一群鳥

At your own discretion由你自己決定

Adjust調整

As published根據公佈的

Airborne升空

Active runway(runway in use)正在使用的跑道

Air conditioning smoke=pack空調冒煙

Anonymous call(letter)匿名電話(信)

Anti-icing system inoperative防冰系統不工作

allocate分配

aileron副翼

auxiliary輔助

attacked攻擊

B: Backtrack調頭

Belly landing(gear up landing)機腹落地

Bird strike鳥擊

Birds ingestion吸鳥

Bomb炸彈

Breaking action剎車效應

Braking action poor剎車效應差

Burst tyre/blow out/flat tyre爆胎

burn off消耗

baggage loader傳送帶

blast fence氣流檔板

C: Cabin fire客艙失火

Caution wake turbulence註意尾流

Cabin temperature is rising客艙溫度升高

Cargo fire/smoke貨艙失火/冒煙

Center of gravity to the rear重心靠後

Commence開始

Converging會聚

Cockpit window broken駕駛艙窗戶出現問題

Converging traffic匯聚飛機

conflict沖突

cough咳

cracked破裂

chemicals of industrial化學品

crane operating=hoist吊車

crossfeed valve failure

D: Distance距離

Destination目的地

Detect探測

Deviate from the corridor偏出走廊

Discharge extinguisher(agent)噴射滅火瓶(滅火劑

Ditching水上迫降

Dumping(jettison)放油

Due separation=spcing由於間隔

debris=fragments(metal strips)碎片

dense smoke濃煙drunk醉酒

dispatched派遣decelerating減速

disease outbreak疾病爆發

detonate explosives引爆炸藥

E: Electric smoke or fire電器冒煙或火警

Emergency braking應急剎車

Emergency descent緊急下降

Emergency evacuation緊急撤離

Emergency gear extension not available(failure)應急放輪不成功

Emergency gear extension應急放輪

Emergency landing緊急落地

Engine failure發動機失效

Engine fire發動機失火

Epidemic=pandemic流行病

F: Fire engine/fire truck救火車

fuel dumping/fuel jettison放油

Fuel leak out漏油

Flame out熄火

Fly around (go round, circumnavigate, detour, offset)繞航

Forced landing迫降

Fuel level is going down燃油液面下降

fade area盲區

fever發燒

fuel starvation不足=fuel supply

fighter戰鬥機

fainted暈倒

first-aid relief materials on baord緊急藥品

flight strip printer飛行進程單

G: Give way to讓路

Glide path下滑道

Ground air地面氣源

Ground power地面電源

gun-launched area火箭炮空地

H: Hijacker劫持者

Heart attack/disease心臟病

Hydraulic pressure is dropping rapidly液壓壓力快速跌落

Hydraulic system leak液壓系統泄漏

automatic direction finding system自動指引系統

ADFShelicopter直升機

hypertension lost consciousness高血壓失去知覺

badly hurt=injury

I: Intercept localizer切航道

ntention打算

incursion入侵

illuminated照明

J: Jammed stabilizer landing安定面卡阻

L: Level change on route航路上高度改變

Left or right at your convenience左右隨你

Low pass低空通場

M: Military movement軍事活動

Maneuver left or right右左機動

Make further checks作進一步調查

Mechanical failure機械故障

mistake=false=incorrect錯誤

mountain山脈=air convective

make a short circuit小航線

N: No restriction無限制

Noise abatement procedure減噪音程序

Nose gear steering inoperative前輪轉彎不工作

O: Opposite direction相反方向

Obstacle(obstruction)障礙物

Overheat超溫

orbit盤旋

organize組織

obese肥胖=policy violation

P: Parallel runway (taxiway)平行跑道(滑行道)

PAX baggage identification旅客行李識別

PAX evacuation旅客撤離

PAX stairs/steps旅客客梯

Proceeding to飛往,前往

Prohibited area禁區

Priority landing優先落地

Prohibited(forbidden)area禁區

Q: quarantine隔離

quarreled爭吵

R: Reduce減小

Revised app. clearance修正的進近許可

Registered No.註冊號碼

Rest route unchanged其餘航路不變

Reason unknown原因不明

Returning(coming back)返場

S: Same direction同向

Short of fuel燃油短缺

Skid off (slide off)滑出

Slight( moderate, severe,serious) turbulence輕度(中度,嚴重)顛簸

Smoke continue煙霧繼續

Stall失速

Stretcher擔架

Structure damage結構損壞

swine flu豬流感

stroke中風

sick病

shiver發抖

special flight特殊飛行

T: Taxi with caution滑行小心

Thunder-storm ( build up, CB, indication of WX) 雷雨

Too close to the preceding aircraft太接近前面飛機

Try to find the cause試圖查明原因

Transmitter發射機 tail strike擦尾

turbine blades渦輪碎片

U: Unreported vehicle未經報告的車輛

Unsure my position不明位置

Unaccompanied child無人陪伴的兒童

V: Visual app目視進近

volcanic ashes火山灰

vortex漩渦

W: Wheel well fire輪艙失火

Wind shear風切變

Windshield風擋

Work in progress ahead前面正在施工

Wheel chair輪椅

Warning light on警告燈亮

wrong direction錯誤方向

wheelchairs=handicapped障礙人士

六、飛行中常用的單詞

A: above cloud在雲上

aborted-take off abandoned-take off rejected中斷起飛

adjacent to靠近

advised進一步

airborne升空

aircraft status狀況

airway航路

all stations各電臺

approved同意

apron機坪

anti-icing system防冰系統

ask for請求

as published -at the moment暫時根據公佈

at your own discretion由你自己決定

available有效的,可行的

B: back on course回到航路

backtrack180度調頭

Balance平衡

Ballast壓艙板

be held up阻礙

behind在後面

belongs to屬於

be stuck in卡住

between兩者之間

bird strike鳥擊

birds ingestion吸鳥

broken斷開 break break斷開

burst tyre-blow out-=flat tyre爆胎

busy忙

buildup雷雨

C: cabin decompression客艙釋壓

cabin altitude客艙高度

cabin fire客艙失火

cancel取消

calm鎮靜

cannot不能

call sign呼叫

change改變

cargo conveyor belt傳送帶

check檢查

CG moved to the rear part unbalanced重心移動、後部不平衡

check again再檢查

clearance許可

close接近

closing from right從右接近

Commence開始

Comply with遵守

congestion擁擠

conflicting沖突

cross穿越

crew機組

crowd擁擠circle to land反向落地

collide撞=collision

D: detailed taxi instruction詳細滑行指示

delays undetermined延誤未確定

detour buildup繞航雷雨

displaced內移

distress遇險

ditching水上迫降

Don’t sink不要下沉

due broken surface由於道面破損

due spacing由於間隔

due weight由於重量

during push back推機期間

E: effective有效

encounter moderate turbulence遇到中度顛簸

experiencing moderate turbulence遇到中度顛簸

emergency緊急

emergency descent緊急下降

emergency service應急設施

engine failure發動機故障

established LOC建立航道

expedite加速 extinguish撲滅

extend downwind延長三邊

expect higher level預計高高度

expect預計 estimating預計

F: facing west面朝前面飛機

fast turn off快速道

flame out熄火

flight plan route飛行計劃航路

first第一

first convenient right第一道口右轉

follow-in front of在前面

forced被迫

forced landing迫降

freighter貨機

full call sign全呼

further advised進一步通知

exit出口,離開

G: gear is not down輪未放下

glide slope(path)下滑道

give way to讓路

ground staff地面工作人員

go round繞航 重力gravity

H: holding area等待區域

I: icy patches冰片

identified識別

l-need需要

immediately立即

inoperative不工作

instruction指令

intercept切入

intersection交叉口

initially起始

it’s famous for---以--著名

J: jammed卡阻

L: leave frequency脫波

leave this area離開此區域

low pass低空通場

lose time消磨時間

M: magnetic track磁航跡

Maintenance維護

make orbit right右盤旋

maybe可能maneuver機動

marshaller信號員

miss turn off 錯過快速道

Monitor監督/班長

moving移動

message信息

N: navigation導航

nearest/closest最近的

not below FL130不低於FL130

unsure of my position位置不確定

north east 東北

north west西北

nose gear前輪

-next下一個

O: obstacles障礙物

orbit盤旋

overtake超越

P: PAX seriously ill旅客嚴重生病

parking on the apron在停機坪

PAX stairs/steps旅客客梯

port engine左發

position位置

possible reason可能的原因

present position目前位置

prevent預防

problem問題

proceed to前往

pull in to the left停靠到左面

pull over to the left停靠到左面

pull up拉升

Q: queued up排隊

R: radial徑向線

r/w vacated跑道脫離

rapidly迅速

readback復誦

reach到達

realize意識

reason unknown原因不明

recommend勸告,推薦

reduce to minimum app.減小到最低進近速度

Regulation規章

replacement替換件

request priority請求優先

response回答

resume恢復

recleared重新許可

request level change en route請求航路高度改變

Rescue營救

revised修正瞭的

Responsibility責任、職責

right track右航跡

rising上升

rudder方向舵

S: second第二

short count短數

short final短五邊

sink rate下沉率

skid off滑出,偏出

slot time離場時間

snow雪

squawk應答機

squawk identing應答機識別

starboard engine右發問題

strengthen security加強安全

struck by lightning遭閃電擊

stuck陷入

structure結構

sure確信

survivals幸存者

suspected heart attack疑惑有心臟病

T: take the second left第二道口左轉

there is WX ahead前面有雷

third第三

thunderstorm雷雨

Threshold跑道入口處

tow bar拖把

track out出航

transmitter發射機

transmitting blind盲發

turbulence顛簸

U: unable不能夠

unable to comply不能執行

undercarriage起落架

until直到

unknown traffic不明飛機

urgency緊急

V: vacate脫離

vector引導

verify核實

visual check目視檢查

W: waiting等待

why overshot為什麼復飛

work in progress在施工

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