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一、完全倒装：将整个谓语提到主语之前

1.在There be (exist, happen, live, appear, lie, occur, rise, seem, come, remain, stand等)句型中。

（1）There are at least 2000 people on the square. 至少有2000人在广场上（主语是2000 （2）people, 谓语动词是are）

（3）There stood a dog before him.一只狗站在他面前（主语是a dog）

（4）There exist different opinions on this question. 关于这个问题，有不同的意见存在（主语是different opinions）

2. 以here, there, now, then等开头的句子。

（1）Here is the seat for you. 这儿有一个座位给你（主语是the seat）

（2）There goes the bell. 铃声响了（主语是the bell）

（3）Now comes your turn. 轮到你了（主语是your turn）

（4）Then followed three days of heavy rain. 接下来是三天的大雨（主语是heavy rain）

3. 在象声词或以out, in, up, down, away等副词开头的句子里。

（1）Crackle, crackle came the gun and the young soldier felt very frightened. 枪声叭叭作响，这个年轻的士兵感到很害怕。（主语是the gun）

（2）Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。（主语是the children）

4. 当表地点的介词短语在句首时。

（1）At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖。（主语是a beautiful）

（2）The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 士兵冲向楼房，房顶上飘着旗帜。（主语是a flag）

（3）East of the lake lie two towns. 湖的东边有两个小镇。（主语是two towns）

（4）Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier. 树下躺着一个受伤的战士（主语是a wounded soldier）

注意：若主语是人称代词，不用完全倒装。

In he came and back he went again. 他进来了，又回去了（不说In came he and went back he again）

5. "分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构:

（1）Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. 走在队伍前面的是我们的老师（walking是分词，主语是our teacher）

（2）Gone are the days when teachers were looked down upon.老师补瞧不起的日子一去不返。（gone是分词，主语是the days）

6.直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时。

“Very well,” said the French student.（主语是the French student）

但如果动词带有宾语，则不倒装：

“Sit down,” the teacher told me.（me是宾语，不能把the teacher 和told倒装）

​二、部分倒装: 部分倒装是只将be ,情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前，就像一般疑问句的语序。

1. Only在句首，修饰副词，介词词组或状语从句等时。

（1）Only then did he find it important to get along with others. 只有在那时，他才发现和别人相处很重要。（did he find 是部分倒装，助动词did在主语he 前）

(2) Only in this way can we make great progress. 只有这样，我们才能取得进步（情态动词can 在主语we前）

(3) Only after he came back were you able to see him. 只有在他回来以后，你才能看到他（系动词were在主语you前）

2. not only…but also开首的句子

Not only did they break into his office, but they also tore up his manuscripts. 他们不仅破门进入了他的办公室，而且还撕毁了他的手稿（助动词 did在主语they前）

3. 如果only及not only … but also只修饰或连接主语部分，则不用倒装。

Only Jack can answer this question. 只有杰克才能回答这个问题（only连接了主语Jack）

4. 当否定词或带有否定含义的词用在句首时（如not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, scarcely , not until, no sooner,…than, hardly…when, 等。）

(1) Seldom had I seen such a beautiful picture. 我几乎没见过这么漂亮的画。

(2) Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang. 我几乎还没到家，电话就响了。

5. 在省去if的虚拟条件从句中。

（1）Should I be free this afternoon, I would come and help you with your lesson. （如果我下午有空，……）

（2）Were I in your place. I would not be fit for your job. （如果我是你，……）

（3）Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board. （要不是船长，……）

6. 在So …that, to such…that 或者in such …that的句型中。

（1）So excited was he that he couldn’t say a word.（he是主语）

（2）To such lengths did she go in rehearsal that two actors walked out. （she是主语）

（3）In such a hurry did the man rush out that he almost knocked me down. （the man是主语）

7. 当So位于句首，表“某人也是”时。

I trusted her completely. So did Tom.（汤姆也是）

注意区别：

(1) Li Ping studies hard. So does Mike. 李平学习努力。迈克也是。

(2) Li Ping studies hard. So he does. 李平学习努力。他的确如此。

8. 当neither或nor位于句首，表示“某人也不”时。

（1）—I didn't mean what I said, you know. —Neither (Nor) did I. 我不是那个意思，你知道的。我也不是

（2）I don’t know. Neither (Nor) do I care. 我不知道，我也不在乎

9. So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。

So happy did he feel.他感到如此的开心。

10. “形容词（或名词,动词）”+as(though) 的让步状语从句中。

（1）Pretty as she is, she is not clever.虽然她很漂亮。

（2）Try as he would, he might fail again.虽然他会努力。

（3）Child as he was, he had to make a living. 虽然他是个孩子。

注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词，如上面最后一句。