inner

一、本义：内部的(接近中心的)

an inner room 内室 | inner London 伦敦中心区 | the inner ear 内耳

二、引申

1、内心的、内在的

Yoga gives me a sense of inner calm. 练习瑜伽使我感到内心平和

My inner voice told me to be cautious. 我的内心有个声音告诉我要小心谨慎

She never shared her inner thoughts with anyone. 她从不告诉别人她内心的想法

She’ll need great inner strength to get over the tragedy. 她需要强大的精神力量来摆脱这一不幸带来的痛苦

2、组织、行业等内部的、核心的

the inner workings of the film industry 电影业内部的运作方式

the fascinating inner life of a political party 引人入胜的政党隐秘生活

members of the president’s inner circle 总统核心集团的成员

outer

本义：外部的(远离中心的)

the outer suburbs 远郊

Remove the tough outer leaves before cooking. 烹煮之前先把外面的老叶子去掉

His inner conflict is related to struggles in the outer world. 他内心矛盾和外部世界的争斗有关

inward(s)

一、本义：朝着内部或中心方向的

inward 的本义是朝着中心或内部方向的，侧重方向而不是位置

A breeze blew the curtains inwards. 微风把窗帘吹向屋里

二、引申：内在的、内心的、精神的

a feeling of inward satisfaction 内心的满足感

inward panic 内心的恐慌

outward(s)

一、本义：向外的

the outward flow of oil 石油的外流

The door opens outwards. 这门是朝外开的

Stand with your elbows pointing outwards. 站立时肘部外展

二、引申：外在的、外表的、表面的

The outward appearance of the area have changed considerably. 该地区面貌发生了很大变化

His clenched fist was the outward sign of his anger. 他紧握的拳头是他内心愤怒的外在表现