英语语法：名词转化为动词/动词转化为名词/形容词转化为动词形容词转化为名词/形容词转化为副词/词类转化中的拼写变化1.有些名词可以转化为动词。例如：These letters must be mailed today.这些信件今天必须寄掉。Fish are usually frozen and canned.鱼通常冷冻制成罐头。All the boats were manned by young sailors.所有的小船都配备了年轻水手。The children grouped the sea shells together.孩子们把贝壳聚集起来。有些表示身体部位的名词也可以转化为动词。例如：His name heads the list.他是名单上的第一名。He handed his new photo to his teacher.他把新的照片递给老师。They faced difficulties bravely.他们勇敢地面对困难。

2. 动词转化为名词英语有不少动词可以转化为具有相同动词意义的名词，当它们和一定的动词搭配成动词词组时，可以表示一次性的动作。例如：霍布森问他能否试试。Hob son asked if he could try. (v.)Hob son asked if he could have a try. (n.)他以前常在晚饭后到花园散步。He used to walk for a while in the garden after supper. (v.)He used to take a walk in the garden after supper. (n.)教授小组寻找失踪的飞行员。The rescue party searched for the missing pilot. (v.)The rescue party made a search for the missing pilot. (n.)我们参观历史博物馆。We visited the history museum. (v.)We paid a visit the history museum. (n.)动词转化为名词英语中常用make, have, take, give等动词构成这一类词组。例如：make an attempt努力make a request请求make a change改变make a bet打赌make a discovery发现make a decision决定make a quest猜测make a demand要求have a swim游泳have a wash洗have a rest休息have a look看一下take a seat就座take aim瞄准take an interest对…感兴趣take a bath洗澡give a shout喊叫give a cry哭喊give a push推give a kick踢3.形容词转化为动词有些形容词转化为动词时，解释为'使…变得、成为'。例如：The nurses tried to calm the patients.护士们尽力使病人们平静下来。He dried his wet clothes by hanging them up near the fire.他把湿衣服挂在炉火旁烘干。Mary empties the dustbin every morning.玛丽每天把垃圾箱倒空。有些短语动词也是由形容词转化而来。例如：He tried to smooth away their difference.他尽力消除他们间的分歧。The wind dropped and the sea calmed down.风小了，大海平静下来了。4.形容词转化为名词有些形容词转化为名词。例如：You've got the wrong number.(adj.)你的号码错了。He spoke of the wrong done to him. (n.)他说起受过的冤枉。The doctor is good to his patient. (adj.)这个医生对他的病人很好。Exercise does good to one's health. (n.)运动对健康有好处。She got hurt in her rightfoot.(adj.)她右脚受伤。Please keep to the right. (n.)请靠右。

5.形容词转化为副词有些形容词转化为副词。例如：We've had a long vacation. (adj.)我们过了一个长假。We're going to stay there long. (adv.)我们打算在那儿多待些时间。He sat on theback seatof the car. (adj.)他坐在汽车的后座上。Stand back, please. (adv.)请往后站。This is a straight path to her house. (adj.)这是直接通往她家的路。He went straight home after lunch. (adv.)他午饭后直接回了家。6.词类转化中的拼写变化有些词类转化成其他词类时，拼写发生变化。注意：在美国英语中practice可以用作动词。Don't be afraid to ask for advice about ordering the meal.点餐时可以大胆征求意见。The minister advised him to leave as soon as possible.部长建议他尽快离开Too much emphasis is placed on research.过分强调研究的重要性。We must emphasize that we are not in competition with you.我们必须强调我们不是要和你们竞争。In those days, only quite wealthy families had baths of their own.那时候，只有非常富有的家庭才有自己的浴缸。The police have warned the city's inhabitants not to bathe in the polluted river.警方已经告诫该市居民不要在这条被污染的河里游泳。